Dates
Name
Independent state
Original state
Result
167–141 BCE
Maccabean Revolt
Hasmonean Kingdom
Seleucid Empire
Independence of Hasmonean Kingdom from Seleucid Empire
698
Battle of Tianmenling
Balhae
Zhou China
Independence of Balhae from China
1038–1047
Miecław's Rebellion
Miecław's State
Duchy of Poland
Defeat of Miecław; his state is reincorporated into Poland
1185–1188
Uprising of Asen and Peter
Bulgaria
Byzantine Empire
Independence of Bulgaria from the Byzantine Empire ; creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire
1296–1357
Wars of Scottish Independence
Scotland
England
Scotland retains its status as an independent nation
1353–1359
Ekdala Wars
Bengal
Delhi Sultanate
Independence of Bengal from Delhi
1418-1427
Lam Sơn Uprising
Đại Việt (Vietnam)
Ming China
Independence of Vietnam from China
1468–1500
Kazakh War of Independence
Kazakh Khanate
Uzbek Khanate
Kazakh Khanate maintains independence from the Uzbek Khanate
1480
Great Stand on the Ugra River
Grand Duchy of Moscow
Great Horde
The end of Tatar yoke in Russia
1499
Swabian War
Old Swiss Confederacy
Holy Roman Empire
Swiss was de facto acknowledged as a separate political entity
1521–1523
Swedish War of Liberation
Sweden
Kalmar Union
Independence of Sweden from the Kalmar Union
1568–1648
Eighty Years' War
Netherlands
Spain
Independence of the Netherlands from Spain
1586–1589
First War of Kashmiri Independence
Kashmir
Mughal Empire
Defeat of the Kashmiri insurgents; Mughal Empire retains control of Kashmir
1640–1668
Portuguese Restoration War
Portugal
Spain
Restoration of Portuguese independence from Spain
1679–1707
Rathore rebellion
Marwar
Mughal Empire
Rathores retain their Independence from the Mughal Empire
1680–1707
Maratha War of Independence
Maratha Empire
Mughal Empire
Mughals fail to annex Maratha Empire
1703–1711
Rákóczi's War of Independence
Hungary
Holy Roman Empire
Limited autonomy for Hungary within the Habsburg monarchy
1775–1783
American Revolutionary War (United States War of Independence )
United States
Great Britain
Independence of the United States from Great Britain
1791–1804
Haitian Revolution
Haiti
France
Independence of Haiti from France
1804–1813
First Serbian Uprising (Serbian Revolution )
Serbia
Ottoman Empire
Defeat of insurgents; Ottoman Empire retains control of Serbia
1808–1814
Peninsular War
Portugal
Spain
France
Independence of Portugal and Spain from France
1810s–1820s
Latin American wars of independence
Spanish Empire
Independence of many Spanish-American colonies from Spain
Argentine War of Independence
Río de la Plata
Bolivian War of Independence
Bolivia
Chilean War of Independence
Chile
Colombian War of Independence
Colombia
Ecuadorian War of Independence
Ecuador
Mexican War of Independence
Mexico
Peruvian War of Independence
Peru
Venezuelan War of Independence
Venezuela
1814
Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)
Norway
Sweden
Partial independence of Norway within the later United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
1815–1817
Second Serbian Uprising (Serbian Revolution )
Serbia
Ottoman Empire
Semi-independence of Serbia within the Ottoman Empire
1821–1829
Greek War of Independence
Greece
Ottoman Empire
Independence of Greece from the Ottoman Empire
1822–1824
Brazilian War of Independence
Brazil
Portuguese Empire
Independence of the Empire of Brazil from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
1825–1828
Cisplatine War
Uruguay
Brazil
Río de la Plata
Disputed between the Empire of Brazil and United Provinces of the Río de la Plata . Independence of Uruguay from Brazil
1826–1831
Separation of Venezuela and Ecuador
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colombia
Venezuela and Ecuador declared independence from the Republic of Colombia . Dissolution of Gran Colombia and creation of the Republic of New Granada .
1830–1831
November Uprising
Poland
Russia
Defeat of Polish insurgents. Russian retains control of Poland, introduction of the Organic Statute of the Kingdom of Poland, liquidation of Polish autonomy.
1830–1839
Belgian Revolution
Belgium
Netherlands
Independence of Belgium from the Netherlands
1835–1845
Ragamuffin War
Riograndense Republic
Brazil
The Riograndense Republic is dissolved; reintegration with Brazil
1835–1836
Texas Revolution
Texas
Mexico
Independence of Texas from Mexico
1844–1856
Dominican War of Independence
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Independence of Dominican Republic from Haiti
1846
Bear Flag Revolt
California
Mexico
The California Republic declares independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico . The republic is quickly annexed by the United States
1848–1849
Italian War of Independence
Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont
Austria
Sardinia-Piedmont defeated by the Austrian Empire ; Italian unification not achieved
1857–1858
Indian War of Independence
Sepoy mutineers led by Mughal Empire
British East India Company
East India Company loses power to Great Britain , vide Government of India Act 1858 .
1859
Second Italian War of Independence
Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont
Lombardy–Venetia
Parma
Modena
Tuscany
Austria
France and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia defeat the Austrian Empire ; most of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia transferred to France and then to Piedmont-Sardinia; Duchy of Parma , Duchy of Modena , Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Papal Legations annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia
1861–1865
American Civil War
Confederate States
United States (Union )
Defeat and dissolution of the Confederacy ; U.S. retains control of the South
1863–1865
January Uprising
Poland
Russia
Defeat of Polish insurgents; Russia retains control of Poland
1863–1865
Dominican Restoration War
Dominican Republic
Spain
Independence of Dominican Republic from 4 year occupation by the Spanish Empire ; ousts Spain from Hispaniola
1866
Third Italian War of Independence
Veneto
Austria
Austrian Empire loses Veneto to Kingdom of Italy
1868–1878
Ten Years' War
Cuba
Spain
Defeat of insurgents; Spain retains control of Cuba
1876
April Uprising
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
Defeat of Bulgarian nationalists by the Ottoman Empire ; subsequent reprisals by the Ottomans led to the Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78 and the 1878 independence of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire.
1877
Romanian War of Independence
Romania
Ottoman Empire
Independence of Romania from the Ottoman Empire
1885
North-West Rebellion
Provisional Government of Saskatchewan (Métis )
Canada
Collapse of the Provisional Government of Saskatchewan
1895
Japanese invasion of Taiwan
Republic of Formosa
Empire of Japan
Annexation of Taiwan by Japan
1896–1898
Philippine Revolution
Philippines
Spain
Inconclusive; Philippines independence from Spain then achieved by Spanish–American War
1895–1898
Cuban War of Independence
Cuba
Spain
Independence of Cuba from Spain following four years of American occupation
1899–1913
Philippine–American War
Philippines
United States
Defeat of Philippine insurgents; United States retains control of the Philippines
1903
Separation of Panama from Colombia
Panama
Colombia
Separation of Panama from Colombia and construction of the Panama Canal
1911
1911 Revolution
Republic of China
Qing Empire
Creation of the Republic of China
1911–1912
Xinhai Lhasa Turmoil
Tibet
Qing Empire
The end of Qing rule in Tibet
1916–1918
Arab Revolt
Hejaz
Ottoman Empire
Defeat of Arab aspirations for independence by post-World War I partition of Arab Ottoman Empire lands into protectorates controlled by United Kingdom and France
1917–1921
Ukrainian War of Independence
Ukraine
Soviet Russia
Poland
Independence of Ukraine from Russia ; partition of Ukraine by Soviet Union and Poland
1918–1920
Estonian War of Independence
Estonia
Soviet Russia
Independence of Estonia from Russian Empire /Russian SFSR
1918–1920
Latvian War of Independence
Latvia
Soviet Russia
Independence of Latvia from Russian Empire /Russian SFSR
1918–1920
Lithuanian War of Independence
Lithuania
Soviet Russia
Poland
Independence of Lithuania from Russian Empire /Russian SFSR and Poland
1919–1921
Irish War of Independence
Ireland
United Kingdom
Anglo-Irish Treaty ; Partition of Ireland ; secession of 26 of Ireland's 32 counties (the Irish Free State ) from the United Kingdom
1919–1923
Turkish War of Independence
Turkey
Ottoman Empire
Allies of World War I
Creation of the Republic of Turkey
1920–1926
Rif War
Republic of the Rif
Spain
Defeat of insurgents and Rif Republic ; Spain retains control of Spanish Morocco
1921
Mongolian Revolution of 1921
Mongolia
China
Independence of Mongolia from Chinese Beiyang government's rule
1936–1939
Waziristan Uprising
Waziristan
British Empire
Rebellion suppressed
1940–1944
1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya
Provisional Popular Revolutionary Government of Chechen -Ingushetia
Soviet Union
Deportation of Chechens and Ingushes
1942–1947
Second Indian War of Independence
Free India
United Kingdom
INA captured parts of North-East India and Andaman & Nicobar Islands , later INA Trials triggered Bombay Mutiny & Royal Air Force mutiny which resulted in Indian Independence Act 1947 [ 1]
1944–1948
Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine
Israel
United Kingdom
Independence of Israel from the United Kingdom
1944–1946
Ili Rebellion
East Turkestan Republic
China
Incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China
1945
August Revolution
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Empire of Japan
Establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1945–1949
Indonesian National Revolution
Indonesia
Netherlands
Independence of Indonesia from the Netherlands
1946–1954
First Indochina War
South Vietnam Laos Cambodia
France
Independence of Vietnam , Laos , Cambodia from France ; partition of Vietnam
1947–1949
1948 Arab–Israeli War , aka Israel's War of Independence
Israel
United Kingdom
Arab League
Defeat of Arabs ; Israel retains independence
1947–ongoing
Kashmir conflict
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Azad Kashmir Plebiscite Front All Parties Hurriyat Conference Balawaristan National Front
Ongoing
1952–1960
Kenyan Mau Mau Uprising
Kenya
United Kingdom
Defeat of insurgents; United Kingdom retains control of Kenya
1954–1962
Algerian War
Algeria
France
Independence of Algeria from France
1955–1972
First Sudanese Civil War
Southern Sudan
Sudan
Conflict between Sudan and South Sudan
1959
1959 Tibetan uprising
Tibet
People's Republic of China
Uprising suppressed, dissolution of the Kashag
1961–1974
Angolan War of Independence
Angola
Portugal
Independence of Angola from Portugal
1961–1991
Eritrean War of Independence
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia
1961–ongoing
Papua conflict
Free Papua
Indonesia
Ongoing
1963–1974
Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
Guinea-Bissau
Portugal
Independence of Guinea-Bissau from Portugal
1964–1974
Mozambican War of Independence
Mozambique
Portugal
Independence of Mozambique from Portugal
1966–1988
Namibian War of Independence
Namibia
South Africa
Independence of Namibia from South Africa
1967–1970
Nigerian Civil War
Biafra
Nigeria
Defeat and dissolution of the Republic of Biafra
1971
Bangladesh Liberation War
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan
1975–ongoing
Cabinda War
Cabinda
Angola
Ongoing
1975–1991
Western Sahara War
Western Sahara
Morocco
Partition of Western Sahara between Morocco and Sahrawi Republic
1976–2005
Insurgency in Aceh
Free Aceh Movement
Indonesia
Special autonomy granted to Aceh, disarmament of the GAM
1981–1991
Somaliland War of Independence
Somali National Movement
Somalia
De facto independence of Somaliland from Somalia
1982–ongoing
Casamance conflict
Casamance
Senegal
Low-level conflict since 2014
1983–2005
Second Sudanese Civil War
South Sudan
Sudan
Independence of South Sudan from Sudan
1988–1994
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
Artsakh
Azerbaijan
De facto independence of the Republic of Artsakh from Azerbaijan
1988–1998
Bougainville Civil War
Bougainville
Papua New Guinea
Bougainville receives autonomy in 2002; voted in favour of independence in 2019
1990–1992
Transnistria War
Transnistria
Moldova
De facto independence of Transnistria from Moldova
1991–1992
South Ossetia War
South Ossetia
Georgia
De facto independence for South Ossetia from Georgia
1991
Liberation of Kuwait
Kuwait
Iraq
Part of the Gulf War ; Kuwait regains independence
1991–1995
Croatian War of Independence
Croatia
Yugoslavia
Independence of Croatia from Yugoslavia
1991
Ten-Day War
Slovenia
Yugoslavia
Independence of Slovenia from Yugoslavia
1992–1995
Bosnian War
Bosnia and Herzegovina
FR Yugoslavia [ 2] Croatia [ 2]
Independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from SFR Yugoslavia ; the new country is divided between two entities : the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska [ 3]
1992–1993
War in Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Georgia
De facto independence for Abkhazia from Georgia
1993–1996
First Chechen War
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Russia
Chechnya maintains de facto independence from Russia
1998–1999
Kosovo War
Republic of Kosova
Serbia & Montenegro
No legal changes to Yugoslav borders according to the Resolution 1244, but de facto independence of Kosovo from the rest of Yugoslavia
1999–2009
Second Chechen War
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Russia
Defeat of Chechnya ; reincorporation into Russia
2000–2005
Second Intifada
Palestinian Authority
Israel
Uprising suppressed
2012
Tuareg rebellion (2012)
Azawad
Mali
Unrecognized independence of Azawad from Mali ; renounced its independence in 2013
2014–ongoing
Russo-Ukrainian War
Ukraine
Russia
Also called a "rebirth," or a war of independence from Russia by some Ukrainian sources.[ 4] [ 5] [ 6]
2014–2022
War in Donbas
Donetsk People's Republic
Luhansk People's Republic
Ukraine
Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War ; recognition of independence by Russia on 21 February 2022 ; annexed by Russia on September the same year .
2017–ongoing
Anglophone Crisis
Ambazonia
Cameroon
Ongoing
2020–ongoing
Western Togoland Rebellion
Western Togoland
Ghana
Ongoing